Yogesh Singh

  Carbohydrates ·         Macronutrient ·         Major source of Energy ·         45% - 80% of total caloric intake ·         Inexpensive source of energy than fats and proteins ·         Present in foods in forms – sugar, starches and fibres.   Classification of Carbohydrates ·         Classified on the basis of the number of sugar units present. ·         Also classified as:   v Available carbohydrates- Which can be digested and gives energy when oxidised in the body v Unavailable carbohydrates – Which cannot be digested because human body doesn’t have enzymes for their breakdown. No energy but works in elimination of faecal waste.     Sources of Carbohydrates   ·         Cereals – Wheat, rice, jowar, bajra, oats, barley, corn, etc. ·         Pulses – All whole grains and dehusked pulses and their by-products. E.g. Rajma, besan, bengal gram, etc. ·         Fruits and vegetables – Mango, chikoo, jack fruit, banana, beans, potato, yam, coloc

    ENERGY Energy is defined as the ability to do the work. Energy exists in several forms. The forms of energy important in nutrition are: ·          Chemical energy in food, ·          Light or solar energy for synthesis of Vitamin D in skin and for photosynthesis in plants, ·          Mechanical energy for movement of muscles, ·          Electrical energy for functioning of brain and nerve cells; and ·          Heat energy, generally produced when energy is converted from one form to another.   The energy present in food or the energy needed by the body is measured in units called joules or calories. The Kilocalorie is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1 o C i.e. from 14.5 to 15.5 degree Celsius. Joule is the energy that is expended when 1 kilogram (kg) is moved 1 metre (m) by a force of 1 newton (N). 1 kilocalorie = 4.184 kilojoules 1 megajoule = 239 kilocalories   Food is digested, the complex nutrient

  BASIC ASPECTS: NUTRITION Health: Health signifies the ability to deal with physical, biological, psychological, and social stress. The World Health Organization (WHO) proposed a definition that aimed higher: linking health to well-being, in terms of “physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity”. Being healthy is way more than just being physically fit or absence of diseases. We can recognize diseases only when we feel or see any symptoms. Many of the times we are good to do works and we think that we are fit or healthy but actually, we are not. Nowadays; mental, physical and social illness is on top. With nutrients, our surroundings & environment, physical activities, and self-satisfaction are also contributing to being healthy. Nutrients: Nutrients are compound in foods essential to life and health, providing us with energy, the building blocks for repair and growth and substances necessary to regulate chemical processes